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1.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057214

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe a case of a male adolescent with symptomatic idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) associated with obesity treated with bariatric surgery. Case description: A 16-year-and-6-month-old severely obese boy [weight: 133.6 kg; height: 1.74 m (Z score: +0.14); BMI: 44.1 kg/m2 (Z score: +4.4)], Tanner pubertal stage 5, presented biparietal, high-intensity, and pulsatile headaches, about five times per week, associated with nocturnal awakenings, and partial improvement with common analgesics, for three months. Ophthalmologic evaluation evidenced bilateral papilledema. Cranial computed tomography revealed no mass or anatomic abnormalities. Lumbar puncture showed increased intracranial pressure of 40 cmH2O (reference value: <28 cmH2O) with a normal content. After being diagnosed with IIH, the patient was started on acetazolamide. However, after three months, he was still symptomatic. He was diagnosed with obesity due to excess energy intake and, as he had failed to lose weight after a conventional clinical treatment, bariatric surgery was indicated. The patient (at 16 years and nine months) underwent an uncomplicated laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Ophthalmologic evaluation, performed five months after surgery, revealed normal visual acuity in both eyes and improvement of bilateral papilledema. Follow-up at 18 months showed a 67.5% loss of excess weight (weight: 94.5 kg and BMI: 31.2 kg/m2) and complete resolution of IIH symptoms. Comments: IIH is characterized by increased intracranial pressure with no evidence of deformity or obstruction of the ventricular system on neuroimaging. It has been associated with obesity. Bariatric surgery may be a valid alternative approach for morbidly obese adolescent patients with refractory symptoms.


RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever um caso de cirurgia bariátrica como tratamento de pseudotumor cerebral primário (PTCP) em adolescente do sexo masculino com obesidade. Descrição do caso: Adolescente, sexo masculino, 16 anos e 6 meses, com obesidade exógena [peso:133,6 kg; estatura:1,74 m (escore z: +0,14); IMC: 44,1 kg/m2 (escore z: +4,4)], estadiamento puberal de Tanner 5, apresentando cefaleia bi-parietal, pulsátil e de alta-intensidade, cerca de cinco vezes por semana, associada a despertares noturnos, e com melhora parcial com analgésicos comuns, há três meses. A avaliação oftalmológica evidenciou papiledema bilateral e a tomografia computadorizada de crânio não revelou massas ou alterações anatômicas. A punção lombar mostrou pressão intracraniana elevada de 40 cmH2O (Referência: <28 cmH2O) com conteúdo normal. Feito o diagnóstico, o paciente foi iniciou uso de acetazolamida. No entanto, após 3 meses, o paciente mantinha-se sintomático. Ele foi diagnosticado com obesidade devido ao consumo calórico excessivo e, como não havia obtido sucesso na perda de peso com tratamento clínico convencional, a cirurgia bariátrica foi indicada. Aos 16 anos e 9 meses, o paciente foi submetido a gastrectomia vertical laparoscópica sem complicações. A avaliação oftalmológica, cinco meses após a cirurgia, revelou melhora do papiledema bilateral com acuidade visual normal em ambos os olhos. Apresentou perda de excesso de peso de 67,5% (peso: 94,5 kg e IMC:31,2 kg/m2) e resolução completa dos sintomas de PPTC 18 meses após a cirurgia. Comentários: O PTCP é caracterizado pelo aumento da pressão intracraniana, sem evidência de deformidade ou obstrução do sistema ventricular na neuroimagem. Está associado à obesidade. A cirurgia bariátrica pode ser uma alternativa terapêutica válida para pacientes adolescentes obesos graves com sintomas refratários.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Bariatric Surgery/methods , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Spinal Puncture/methods , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Pseudotumor Cerebri/physiopathology , Pseudotumor Cerebri/drug therapy , Weight Loss/physiology , Papilledema/diagnostic imaging , Treatment Outcome , Aftercare , Diuretics/therapeutic use , Fundus Oculi , Headache/diagnosis , Headache/etiology
2.
Medwave ; 20(5): e7733, 2020.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1116976

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El mal agudo de montaña es una condición frecuente en individuos sanos, sin aclimatación que se exponen a alturas desde 2500 metros sobre el nivel del mar. Clásicamente se ha utilizado acetazolamida para prevenirlo, pero en los últimos años ha surgido evidencia a favor de ibuprofeno. Sin embargo, no está claro cuál de estos tratamientos es más efectivo. MÉTODOS: Realizamos una búsqueda en Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante el cribado de múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, analizamos los datos de los estudios primarios, realizamos un metanálisis y preparamos una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: Identificamos dos revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyeron un estudio primario, el cual corresponde a un ensayo aleatorizado. Concluimos que no es posible establecer con claridad si ibuprofeno es mejor o peor que acetazolamida debido a que la certeza de evidencia existente ha sido evaluada como muy baja.


INTRODUCTION: Acute mountain sickness is a common condition occurring in healthy subjects that undergo rapid ascent without prior acclimatization, as low as 2500 meters above sea level. The classic preventive agent has been acetazolamide, although in the last decade there has been evidence favoring ibuprofen. However, it is unclear which method is more efficient. METHODS: We searched in Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis) and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We identified two systematic reviews that included only one primary study, which is a randomized trial. We concluded it is not possible to establish whether ibuprofen is better or worse than acetazolamide because the certainty of evidence has been evaluated as very low.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ibuprofen/therapeutic use , Altitude Sickness/prevention & control , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Acute Disease , Databases, Factual
4.
Medwave ; 19(11): e7736, 2019.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1049166

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN El mal agudo de montaña es la patología más prevalente relacionada con la exposición aguda a la altura, secundaria a los efectos de la hipoxia hipobárica en nuestro organismo. La acetazolamida se ha utilizado tradicionalmente para su prevención y tratamiento, sin embargo, aún existe controversia respecto al grado de utilidad que tiene este medicamento como monoterapia. MÉTODOS Realizamos una búsqueda en Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante el cribado de múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, analizamos los datos de los estudios primarios, realizamos un meta análisis y preparamos una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES Identificamos una revisión sistemática que incluyó dos estudios primarios, ambos correspondientes a ensayos aleatorizados. Concluimos que no es posible establecer con claridad si el tratamiento con acetazolamida disminuye los síntomas del mal agudo de montaña ni si aumenta el riesgo de efectos adversos, debido a que la certeza de la evidencia existente ha sido evaluada como muy baja.


INTRODUCTION Acute mountain sickness is the most prevalent illness related to acute exposure to high altitude, secondary to the hypobaric hypoxia effects in our body. Acetazolamide has been traditionally used for its prevention and treatment, however, there is still controversy regarding the degree of usefulness of this medication as monotherapy. METHODS We searched in Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We identified a systematic review that included two primary studies, both corresponding to randomized trials. We conclude that it is not possible to establish clearly whether treatment with acetazolamide reduces the symptoms of acute mountain disease or increases the risk of adverse effects, because the certainty of the existing evidence has been evaluated as very low.


Subject(s)
Humans , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Altitude Sickness/drug therapy , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Acute Disease , Databases, Factual
5.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 76(11): 751-755, Nov. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973934

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To report cases of children and adolescents diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri associated or not with rheumatic disease. Methods: This was a retrospective study based on medical reports of 29 patients, up to 18 years of age and diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri, followed up in the Pediatric Rheumatology and Neurology outpatient clinics of a tertiary hospital, until December 2016. Results: Among the 29 patients diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri, 51.7% were girls and the mean age at the disease onset was 12.3 years. In 18 patients (62%) where an etiology was found, four were associated with a rheumatic disease. The most common symptom was headache (69%) and acetazolamide was the most used medication (69%). Two patients developed blindness and 10 are still being followed up. Conclusion: Although rare, pseudotumor cerebri should be considered in children with headaches, especially in patients with rheumatic disease.


RESUMO Relatar os casos de crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico de pseudotumor cerebral com ou sem doença reumática. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo através de revisão de prontuários, 29 pacientes com idade até 18 anos e diagnóstico de pseudotumor, atendidos nos ambulatórios de Reumatologia Pediátrica e Neurologia de um hospital terciário, registrados até dezembro de 2016. Resultados: Dentre os 29 pacientes com diagnóstico de pseudotumor cerebral, 51,7% eram meninas. A média de idade de aparecimento dos sintomas foi de 12,3 anos. Em relação à etiologia do pseudotumor cerebral, em 18 pacientes (62%) foi possível identificar uma causa, sendo o diagnóstico de doença reumática associada em quatro desses casos. Cefaléia foi o sintoma mais frequente (69%), e a medicação mais utilizada foi a acetazolamida (69%). Dois pacientes evoluíram para cegueira e 10 ainda se encontram em seguimento ambulatorial. Conclusão: Concluímos que, apesar de raro, o diagnóstico de pseudotumor cerebral deve ser considerado em crianças com cefaleia, principalmente nos pacientes com doença reumática.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Rheumatic Diseases/diagnosis , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Pseudotumor Cerebri/drug therapy , Papilledema/etiology , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Retrospective Studies , Headache/complications , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use
7.
Arch. oral res. (Impr.) ; 8(1): 57-64, jan.-abr. 2012.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-698601

ABSTRACT

Objective: Since acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it presents relevant aspects with regardto the treatment of late reimplanted teeth, and therefore, this is the aim of the present literature review.Data Sources: The databases used were Pubmed and Bireme. Selection of works: was performed usingthe keywords Tooth reimplantation, Dental ankylosis, Acetazolamide and Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.Conclusions: In spite of contemporary guidelines for the treatment of late reimplantation, there is still avery high loss of avulsed teeth due to resorption, particularly by replacement resorption, so that the searchfor new substances or means of treatment is of the utmost importance.


Objetivo: Uma vez que a acetazolamida é uma inibidora da anidrase carbônica, ela apresenta aspectos relevantesquanto ao tratamento de dentes reimplantados tardiamente, justificando assim o objetivo da presenterevisão de literatura. Fontes de dados: as bases de dados utilizados foram Pubmed e Bireme. Seleção dos damtrabalhos:foi realizada por meio das palavras-chave Reimplante dentário, Anquilose dentária, Acetazolamidae Inibidores da anidrase carbônica. Conclusões: Apesar das diretrizes atuais para o tratamento do reimplantetardio, ainda a perda de dentes avulsionados por reabsorção é muito alta, principalmente diante da reabsorçãopor substituição, sendo premente a busca por novas substâncias ou meios de tratamento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Tooth Replantation/methods , Tooth Resorption/drug therapy , Feasibility Studies , Treatment Outcome
8.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 138(3): 334-337, mar. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-548169

ABSTRACT

The classical manifestations of Behçet disease are mouth ana genital ulcers, cutaneous lesions ana ocular involvement. The central nervous system is affected in 5 to 59 percent of the cases, usually in the form of meningoencephalitis or sinus venous thrombosis. We report a 17-year-old femóle presenting with a two weeks history of progressive headache, nausea and blurred vision. An initial magnetic resonance was normal. Fifteen days later she was admitted to the hospital due to progression of visual impairment. Shegave a history of oral ulcers and arthralgias. A new magnetic resonance was normal. A lumbar puncture showed a cerebrospinal fluid with a protein concentration of 14 mg/dl, aglucose concentration of 64 mg/dl, 20fresh red blood cells and a pressure of 26 cm H(2)0. The diagnosis of a pseudotumor cerebri, secondary to Behçet disease was raised and the patient was treated with colchicine and acetazolamide. The evolution was torpid and an anterior uveitis was alsofound. After discharge, she continued with oral and genital ulcers and was treated with infliximab. Despite treatment, headache persists.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Behcet Syndrome/complications , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Behcet Syndrome/diagnosis , Behcet Syndrome/drug therapy , Colchicine/therapeutic use , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Pseudotumor Cerebri/drug therapy
9.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2009 Jan; 76(1): 103-5
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-84339

ABSTRACT

Postmeningitis subdural effusion is rare in neonates when compared to infants and children. For treatment, various modalities are described. Serial subdural punctures and surgical drain placement are advised for cases having a mass effect on imaging. We report a neonate with symptomatic postmeningitis subdural effusion, who failed to respond to serial subdural punctures, but subsequently managed successfully with acetazolamide. He had no recurrence further. His development was normal at 18 months of age.


Subject(s)
Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Meningitis/complications , Meningitis/drug therapy , Subdural Effusion/complications , Subdural Effusion/drug therapy , Subdural Effusion/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
10.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-39085

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Describe bilateral acute onset myopia and angle-closure glaucoma as ocular adverse effects of topiramate. CASE REPORT: A 23 year-old woman developed bilateral severe blurred vision seven days after initiating therapy with topiramate. Her visual acuity was counting fingers in both eyes. Intraocular pressures were 33 mmHg and 32 mmHg in the right and left eyes, respectively, with conjunctival chemosis, corneal edema, shallow anterior chambers, and closed angles. Her refraction was -7.50 diopters in both eyes. The symptoms and clinical findings resolved completely upon discontinuation of topiramate and, administration of antiglaucoma drugs. CONCLUSION: Topiramate use can result in acute bilateral angle-closure glaucoma and myopia, which are usually reversible upon cessation of the drug. Visual outcome is usually good and the episode resolves within a few weeks. Thus, it is important for clinicians to recognize these conditions and educate patients about these serious adverse effects when prescribing topiramate.


Subject(s)
Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Acute Disease , Adult , Anticonvulsants/administration & dosage , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Cryoprotective Agents/therapeutic use , Female , Fructose/administration & dosage , Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/chemically induced , Glycerol/therapeutic use , Humans , Intraocular Pressure/drug effects , Myopia/chemically induced , Risk Factors , Timolol/therapeutic use
11.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2008 Jul-Aug; 56(4): 327-9
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-70254

ABSTRACT

A 45-year-old male patient presented with gradual onset of headache, vomiting and blurring of vision of 28 days duration. Ophthalmological examination revealed normal anterior segment and pupillary reflex. No abnormality was detected in the vitreous. Optic disc showed features of advanced papilledema with normal macula and retinal periphery in both eyes. Visual acuity was 20/200 in the right eye and counting fingers close range in the left eye. Non-contrast computed tomography of brain was normal and magnetic resonance imaging showed sagittal sinus thrombosis without any evidence of venous infarction or intracranial mass. Routine hematological investigations revealed increased hemoglobin level, packed cell volume and leucocytosis. Further investigation revealed increased Vitamin B12 and decreased serum erythropoietin. A diagnosis of polycythemia vera was made from the above findings. This case is being presented for the rarity of association of polycythemia vera with bilateral advanced papilledema due to sagittal sinus thrombosis.


Subject(s)
Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Functional Laterality , Headache/diagnosis , Hematocrit , Hemoglobins/analysis , Heparin/therapeutic use , Humans , Hydroxyurea/therapeutic use , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Papilledema/diagnosis , Platelet Count , Polycythemia Vera/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vomiting/diagnosis
12.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 70(4): 657-666, jul.-ago. 2007. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-461956

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o epitélio ciliar interno (ECI) do corpo ciliar após aplicação de mitomicina C (MMC) sob retalho escleral, em animais tratados com dois tipos de inibidores da produção do humor aquoso. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados ambos os olhos de 16 coelhos divididos em 4 grupos experimentais. Foi realizado retalho escleral em todos os olhos dos animais, mas apenas os olhos direitos (OD) receberam MMC. No grupo 1 (G1) não houve tratamento prévio. Nos grupos G2 e G4 foi administrada acetazolamida e nos grupos G3 e G4 maleato de timolol. O ECI foi examinado à microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). Os olhos esquerdos formaram os grupos controle. RESULTADOS: Em todos os grupos exceto no G1 OE, foram observadas: retração das células e/ou alargamento entre invaginações, mitocôndrias com rarefação, vesículas claras e corpos densos. A membrana limitante interna estava espessada, descontínua ou descolada em todos grupos exceto G1 OE e G2 OE. Foi observada liberação de material citoplasmático apenas nos grupos tratados com inibidores da produção de humor aquoso. CONCLUSÕES: 1- MMC, acetazolamida e maleato de timolol causaram alterações morfológicas no epitélio ciliar mesmo usados isoladamente. 2- A associação MMC e acetazolamida causou mais alterações do que a acetazolamida isoladamente, mas não mais do que a MMC isoladamente. 3- Nas demais associações as alterações foram semelhantes.


PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of mitomycin C (MMC) on the internal ciliary epithelium (ICE) of the ciliary body of animals treated with two differents aqueous humor supressants. METHODS: The eyes of sixteen Norfolk albino rabbits divided into four experimental groups were studied. The right eyes (RE) of the four groups received 0.1 ml of MMC (0.5 mg/ml) under the scleral flap. The left eyes (LE) was the control group. Group 1 (G1) did not have any other treatment. To Group 2 (G2) and Group 4 (G4) acetazolamide was administered. To Group (G3) and Group 4 (G4) timolol maleate was administered. ICE was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS: The following aspects were observed in all groups, except in G1 LE: cell shrinkage and/or enlargement of intercellular spaces, rarefied mitochondria, clear vesicular structures and electron-dense bodies. The internal limitant membrane showed to be thickened, discontinued and separeted in all groups, except in G1 LE and G2 LE. Discharge of cytoplasmatic material was observed only in the groups treated with aqueous humor supressants. CONCLUSIONS: 1) MMC, acetazolamide and timolol maleate caused morphological alterations in the ciliary epithelium even when used alone. 2) The combination of MMC and acetazolamide caused more alterations than did isolated acetazolamide, but not more than MMC alone. 3) For the other combinations the alterations were similar.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/toxicity , Aqueous Humor/drug effects , Ciliary Body , Mitomycin/toxicity , Sclera/surgery , Acetazolamide/adverse effects , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/adverse effects , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Ciliary Body/drug effects , Ciliary Body/ultrastructure , Epithelium/drug effects , Epithelium/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron , Models, Animal , Mitomycin/administration & dosage , Random Allocation , Surgical Flaps , Timolol/adverse effects , Timolol/therapeutic use
13.
São Paulo; s.n; 2003. 132 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-409030

ABSTRACT

O manejo terapêutico de portadores assintomáticos ou com estenose menor que 70 por cento da carótida é ainda debatido na literatura.Estudos anteriores não se utilizaram de parâmetros funcionais na randomização de seus pacientes.Realizamos este estudo com o objetivo de avaliar a integridade hemodinâmica intracerebral por meio da da reatividade cerebrovascular(RCV) e correlacionar os resultados com o grau de estenose e com a sintomologia clínica.The management of asymptomatic and <70 per cent carotid stenosis patients is still debatable.Previous studies did not use functional parameters to randomize these patients.In order to find out the relationship among the degree of carotid stenosis, symptoms and reserve capacity we performed a study using cerebrovascular reactivity(CVR)as an index of cerebral hemodynamic integrity...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Carotid Stenosis/complications , Carotid Stenosis/physiopathology , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial
14.
Rev. cienc. salud ; 5(1): 36-42, dic. 2001. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-498122

ABSTRACT

Chachacoma is an herbal folk remedy used by natives and tourists to avoid high altitude sickness (AMS) when mountain climbing. Chachacoma has been described as a hypotensor. Acetazolamide is presently the best treatment for prevention of AMS and it's function is diuretic. The objectives of the present study was to make a comparative analysis of the efficacy of these two treatments for AMS. A group of 22 healthy subjects (22+- 1 years) with no high altitude experience were divided into two group of 11, one of which received a cup of Chachacoma infusion and a second group of 11 received 250mg of acetazolamide the morning prior to making an ascent (2000 m+). The day prior to the ascent the following parameters were measured on all subjects: heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic and diastolic pressure (SAP,DAP) and oxigen saturation (SatO2). In the following days in Colchane the measurements were repeated and the Lake Louise Test was used to determine AMS symptoms. Values were expressed +- 1 std. deviation and differences were evaluated with a student test ( vs Chachacoma, p>0.05). The incidence of AMS in the Chachacoma group was 55 percent, compared to 36 percent in the acetazolamide group (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in arterial pressure between groups. However, the point score for AMS for the acetazolamide group was lower than that for the Chachacoma group. It was concluded that acetazolamide was more effient in preventing the symptoms of AMS than Chachacoma.


Chachacoma es un tratamiento etnomedicinal para el MAM en nativos y turistas que ascienden a grandes alturas. Chachacoma es descrita como hipotensor. Acetazolamida actualmente es el mejor tratamiento para prevenir MAM, su función es de diurético. Nuestro objetivo fue comparar su eficiencia en la prevención del MAM. Un estudio fue aplicado a 22 sujetos (22+- 1 años), sanos, sin experiencia a grandes alturas (>2000 m). Un grupo (n=11) con Chachacoma (1 taza con infusión dada en la mañana del ascenso), otro grupo (n=11) con Acetazolamida (250 mg en la mañana del ascenso), El día previo al ascenso se determinaron: frecuencia cardíaca (FC) y respiratoria (FR), presiones sistólicas y diastólicas (PAS,PAD) y saturación de oxigeno (Sat=2). En los siguientes días en Colchane las mediciones fueron repetidas y se usó un test de Lake-Louise para determinar síntomas de MAM. Los valores se expresaron en promedios +- DS, la diferencia fue medida con test de Student (vs Chachacoma, p<0,05). La incidencia de MAM en el grupo de Chachacoma fue 55 por ciento, contra el 36 por ciento del grupo de Acetazolamida )p<0.05). No se observaron cambios en presión arterial en ambos grupos. Sin embargo, el puntaje de MAM para el grupo de Acetazolamida fue menor que el de Chachacoma. En conclusión, Acetazolamida es más eficiente previniendo síntomas de MAM.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Altitude Sickness/prevention & control , Plant Preparations/therapeutic use , Acute Disease , Acetazolamide/pharmacology , Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena , Respiratory Physiological Phenomena , Medicine, Traditional , Plant Preparations/pharmacology , Cardiovascular System , Respiratory System
15.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 58(3A): 756-9, set. 2000.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-269630

ABSTRACT

O autor relata um caso clínico de ataxia episódica nao familiar responsiva a acetazolamida, semelhante clinicamente a ataxia episódica tipo 2 (EA-2), no qual a nicotina pode representar ser um possível fator na gênese dos episódios atáxicos


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Ataxia/etiology , Smoking/adverse effects , Ataxia/drug therapy , Depression/complications
16.
Rev. Asoc. Méd. Argent ; 111(4): 19-21, 1998.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-230943

ABSTRACT

La parálisis periódica hipocalémica es una entidad poco frecuente, con un aparente rasgo genético, que reconoce una variada lista etiológica, dependiendo de las mismas la terapéutica a instaurar. Debido a la gravedad de la presentación clínica y a la restitución ad integrum luego del adecuado tratamiento del desorden electrolítico, es que se presentan los siguientes casos para su discusión.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Hypokalemia/diagnosis , Hypokalemia/metabolism , Paralyses, Familial Periodic/etiology , Paralyses, Familial Periodic/genetics , Paralyses, Familial Periodic/therapy , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Hyperthyroidism , Muscle Weakness/etiology
17.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 54(1): 82-93, mar. 1996. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-164059

ABSTRACT

Study of 22 patients with the severe form of neurocysticercosis treated with albendazole (ABZ) administered in 6 different schedules ranging from 15 to 30 mg/kg/day for 21 to 60 days. Dextrochloropheniramine and ketoprofen were the adjuvant drugs. Multiple symptoms were observed in 90.9 per cent of patients. Intracranial hypertension was manifested in 90.9 per cent. Hydrocephaly occurred in 86.4 per cent. Evolution was satisfactory in 10 patients, 8 died and 4 had sequelae. Tomographic studies showed the appearance of an isolated IVth ventricle in 9 patients, after ventriculoperitoneal shunt, before ABZ treatment in 3 of them, during in 5 and after treatment in one. Median clinical follow-up duration was 10 months for the patients who died and 3-4 years for survivors. In 3 patients there was an increase in cyst size during the administration of the 15 mg/kg/day ABZ dose, which was not observed in any patient when the 30 mg/kg/day dose was used.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , History, Ancient , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Cysticercosis/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Diseases/parasitology , Ketoprofen/therapeutic use , Pheniramine/therapeutic use , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Albendazole/administration & dosage , Cysticercosis/cerebrospinal fluid , Cysticercosis/diagnosis , Cysticercosis/surgery , Central Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Central Nervous System Diseases/drug therapy , Prognosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
18.
Rev. Argent. Med. Deporte ; 17(56): 4-19, 1995. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-205972

ABSTRACT

En una gira de seis semanas de duración se llevó a Bolivia el equipo juvenil de la AFA para participar en el XII Campeonato Juventudes de América, donde además se clasificaba a los participantes para los Juegos Panamericanos y el próximo Campeonato Mundial y cuatro semanas a 3700 metros (La Paz). Ella estuvo compuesta en un principio por 19 jugadores, 6 personas integrantes del cuerpo técnico y la dirigencia. Por 48 horas fueron medicados con acetazolamida por vía oral, a razón de 250 mg cada 12 horas. Es sabido que esta droga en su carácter de inhibidor de la anhidrasa carbónica es capaz de disminuir el ritmo de producción de bicarbonatos en las células de diferentes vísceras y en los hematíes. Es particularmente interesante su acción en el riñón, donde favorece la eliminación y la no reabsorción del bicarbonato. A causa de estas acciones se produce un aumento de los iones hidrógenos (H+) plasmáticos a la acidosis. Con esto hemos pretendido, al parecer con éxito, eliminar los efectos de la alcalosis gaseosa, resultante de la hiperventilación de la altura. Estas observaciones están firmemente a favor de lo sugerido por los doctores Losada y Madero (Rev. Arg. Med. Dep. N§12), de que el mal de montaña agudo o Puna o Sorojche obedece a dicha alcalosis, por cuya causa el recién llegado a la altura necesita alrededor de una semana hasta que logra su compensación por medio de una acentuación diurética que lo llevará a un espontáneo descenso de los bicarbonatos. El descenso obtenido por la administración de la acetazolamida permitió acortar este período negativo al extremo de hacerlo inexistente tanto en los jugadores como en el cuerpo técnico y los dirigentes. Por otra parte, tal como fuera señalado por Luft (Ergeben Physiol. 1941, 44-256), el poder "buffer" de la sangre no se ve alterado por este descenso de los bicarbonatos, el cual es reemplazado por el aumento de la hemoglobina instaurada que caracteriza a la altura.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Acetazolamide , Acetazolamide/adverse effects , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Altitude , Mountaineering , Soccer , Sports Medicine , Alkalosis , Altitude Sickness , Drug Tolerance , Hypoxia
19.
Med. intensiva ; 12(3): 122-9, 1995.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-195369

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un paciente de 17 años que ingresa por un cuadro de tetraplejía, con conservación de la movilidad de los músculos de la cara y con valores de K de 1.5 meq/1. El cuadro clínico revierte en forma completa con la terapéutica de reposición de K, realizándose el diagnóstico de Parálisis Periódica Hipokalémica por biopsia muscular. La falta de antecedentes familiares, así como también la ausencia de enfermedades que pudieran ocasionar Parálisis Periódica Esporádica, nos llevó al diagnóstico de Parálisis Periódica Esporádica Idiopática


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Hypokalemia/complications , Muscle Hypotonia/diagnosis , Muscular Diseases/etiology , Paralysis/diagnosis , Spironolactone/therapeutic use , Acetazolamide/administration & dosage , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Diagnosis, Differential , Hypokalemia/drug therapy , Muscle Hypotonia/drug therapy , Muscle Hypotonia/etiology , Potassium/administration & dosage , Potassium/therapeutic use , Spironolactone/administration & dosage
20.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 52(4): 501-9, dez. 1994. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-150517

ABSTRACT

Este estudo consiste da avaliaçäo de 20 pacientes com diagnóstico de paralisia periódica (PP) sendo descritos aspectos epidemiológicos, manifestaçöes clínicas, exames subsidiário, tratamento e evoluçäo. Dezesseis pacientes tinham a forma hipocalêmica (5 familiares, 5 esporádicos, 5 tireotóxicas e 1 secundária). Näo houve casos de PP normocalêmica. Houve predomínio do sexo masculino (14 pacientes). Todos os 5 pacientes com forma tireotóxica eram do sexo masculino e nenhum deles tinha origem oriental. Somente 4 pacientes tinham a forma hipercalêmica (3 familiares, 1 esporádico). Nas duas formas os ataques ocorreram preferencialmente no período da manhä sendo o repouso após exercício o fator desencadeante mais importante. No entanto observamos que 75 por cento dos pacientes com a forma hipercalêmica referiram crises de curta duraçäo (< 12 horas). Crises mais prolongadas foram referidas por 43 por cento dos pacientes com a forma hipocalêmica. A maioria das crises caracterizava-se por fraqueza generalizada, predominando nos membros inferiores e sendo sua frequência variável. A creatinoquinase foi avaliada em 10 pacientes e 8 tinham níveis elevados que variaram de 1,1 a 5 vezes o valor normal. A eletroneuromiografia foi realizada em 6, mas o fenômeno miotônico foi a única alteraçäo encontrada em 2 pacientes. Inibidores da anidrase carbônica, principalmente a acetazolamida, usados no tratamento profilático em 9 pacientes mostraram uma boa resposta em todos. Embora a PP seja algumas vezes considerada doença benigna, encontramos sintomas respiratórios em 5 pacientes, miopatia permanente em 1, alteraçöes eletrocardiográficas durante crise em 4; óbito durante paralisia ocorreu em 2 pacientes. Assim, o correto diagnóstico e o tratamento imediato säo cruciais. Este estudo mostra que o hipertireoidismo é importante causa de PP em nosso meio, mesmo em pacientes näo orientais. Assim, a investigaçäo endócrina é mandatória já que as crises de paralisia só desaparecem após a normalizaçäo dos níveis hormonais


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Paralyses, Familial Periodic/diagnosis , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Potassium Chloride/therapeutic use , Electromyography , Hyperkalemia/complications , Hyperkalemia/diagnosis , Hyperkalemia/drug therapy , Hyperthyroidism/complications , Hyperthyroidism/diagnosis , Hyperthyroidism/drug therapy , Hypokalemia/complications , Hypokalemia/diagnosis , Hypokalemia/drug therapy , Paralyses, Familial Periodic/etiology , Paralyses, Familial Periodic/drug therapy
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